Simbi zvivakwaanoshandiswa zvakanyanya muindasitiri yekuvaka nekuda kwezvakanaka zvawo, senge simba rakakura, kuvaka nekukurumidza, uye yakanakisa seismic kuramba. Mhando dzakasiyana dzezvivakwa zvesimbi dzakakodzerwa nemhando dzakasiyana dzekuvaka, uye saizi yavo yezvinhu zvehwaro zvakare inosiyana. Kusarudza iyo chaiyo simbi chimiro kwakakosha pakuvaka mhando uye kuita. Aya anotevera anotevera akajairwa simbi chimiro mhando, base zvinhu saizi, uye akakosha ekusarudza mapoinzi.
Portal Steel Frames
Portal simbi mafuremuzviumbwa zvesimbi zvakati sandarara zvinoumbwa nembiru dzesimbi nematanda. Dhizaini yavo yese iri nyore, ine yakanyatsotsanangurwa mutoro wekugovera, inopa yakanakisa hupfumi uye inoshanda kuita. Ichi chimiro chinopa nzira yakajeka yekufambisa mitoro, inonyatso kutakura mitoro yakatwasuka uye yakatwasuka. Zvakare zvakareruka kugadzira nekuisa, nenguva pfupi yekuvaka.
Panyaya yekushandiswa, portal simbi mafuremu anonyanya kukodzera zvivakwa zvakaderera, senge mafekitori akaderera, matura, uye maworkshop. Izvi zvivakwa zvinowanzoda imwe span asi kwete kureba. Portal simbi mafuremu anonyatso kuzadzisa izvi zvinodiwa, achipa nzvimbo yakakwana yekugadzira nekuchengetedza.
Steel Frame
A simbi furemuinzvimbo yesimbi inoumbwa nembiru nematanda. Kusiyana neyakafuratira chimiro che portal furemu, furemu yesimbi inoumba matatu-dimensional spatial system, ichipa kugadzikana kwakanyanya uye lateral kuramba. Inogona kuvakwa kuita akawanda-story kana yakakwirira-kukwira zvivakwa zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa zvekuvaka, ichichinjika kune akasiyana span uye urefu zvinodiwa.
Nekuda kwekuita kwayo kwakanaka kwemaitiro, mafuremu esimbi akakodzera zvivakwa zvine marefu akakura kana kureba, senge zvivakwa zvehofisi, mashopu, mahotera, nenzvimbo dzemisangano. Muzvivakwa izvi, mafuremu esimbi haangozadzisi zvinodikanwa zvemarongerwo makuru enzvimbo asiwo anobatsira kuiswa kwemichina uye kufambiswa kwepombi mukati mechivako.
Steel Truss
Simbi truss inzvimbo inoumbwa nezvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana (zvakadai semakona simbi, chiteshi simbi, uye I-matanda) akarongwa mune chaiyo pateni (semuenzaniso, triangular, trapezoidal, kana polygonal). Nhengo dzayo dzinonyanya kutakura axial tension kana compression, ichipa chiyero chemutoro kugovera, kushandisa zvizere simba rezvinhu uye kuchengetedza simbi.
Matare esimbi ane simba rakasimba uye anokodzera zvivakwa zvinoda nzvimbo dzakakura, senhandare, horo dzekuratidzira, uye nhandare dzendege. Munhandare, matarasi esimbi anogona kugadzira matenga akakura-akareba, achisangana nezvinodiwa zvemunzvimbo dzehoro nenzvimbo dzemakwikwi. Mumahoro ezviratidziro uye panhandare dzendege, matrusses esimbi anopa tsigiro yezvimiro yakavimbika yenzvimbo dzakakura dzekuratidzira uye nzira dzevanofamba netsoka.
Steel Grid
Giridhi yesimbi chimiro chenzvimbo inoumbwa nenhengo dzakawanda dzakabatanidzwa nemanodhi mune chaiyo grid patani (seyakajairwa matriangles, masikweya, uye akajairwa hexagons). Inopa mabhenefiti akadai seyakadzika nzvimbo mauto, yakanakisa seismic kuramba, yakanyanya kuoma, uye kugadzikana kwakasimba. Yayo imwe nhengo mhando inofambisa kugadzirwa kwefekitori uye pa-saiti kumisikidzwa.
Magetsi esimbi anonyanya kukodzera padenga kana zvivakwa zvemadziro, semakamuri ekumirira, canopies, uye matenga makuru efekitori. Mumakamuri okumirira, matenga egridi esimbi anogona kuvhara nzvimbo dzakakura, achipa nzvimbo yakagadzikana yekumirira kune vafambi. Mune canopies, simbi grid zvimiro zvakareruka uye zvinoyevedza zvinofadza, nepo zvinobudirira kumirisana nemitoro yechisikigo semhepo nemvura.
- Portal Steel Frames
Makoramu esimbi nematanda emafodhimu efodhi anowanzo gadzirwa kubva kuH-yakaita simbi. Hukuru hwembiru dzesimbi idzi hunotariswa nezvinhu zvakaita seurefu hwechivako, kureba, uye mutoro. Kazhinji kutaura, kune mafekitori akadzika-kukwira kana matura ane spans emamita 12-24 uye kureba kwemamita 4-6, H-yakaita sesimbi mbiru dzinowanzobva paH300 × 150 × 6.5 × 9 kusvika H500 × 200 × 7 × 11; matanda anowanzo kubva kuH350×175×7×11 kusvika H600×200×8×12. Mune zvimwe zviitiko nemitoro yakaderera, I-shaped simbi kana chiteshi simbi inogona kushandiswa sezvikamu zvekubatsira. I-yakaita simbi inowanzokura kubva kuI14 kusvika kuI28, nepo chiteshi chesimbi chinowanzo hukuru kubva [12 kusvika [20].
- Steel Frames
Mafuremu esimbi anonyanya kushandisa H-chikamu simbi kune makoramu uye matanda. Nekuti anofanirwa kumirisana nemitoro yakakura yakatwasuka uye yakachinjika, uye nekuti inoda kureba kwekuvaka uye kureba, zvimiro zvadzo zvechigadziko zvinowanzokura kupfuura izvo zvefodhi. Kune zvivako zvehofisi zvakasiyana-siyana kana zvivako zvekutenga (3-6 nyaya, spans 8-15m), H-chikamu chesimbi zviyero zvinowanzoshandiswa pamakoramu kubva kuH400 × 200 × 8 × 13 kusvika H800 × 300 × 10 × 16; H-chikamu chesimbi zviyero zvinowanzoshandiswa pamatanda kubva kuH450×200×9×14 kusvika H700×300×10×16. Muzvivakwa zvepamusoro zvesimbi-frame (zvinopfuura nhanhatu nhurikidzwa), makoramu anogona kushandisa welded H-chikamu simbi kana bhokisi-chikamu simbi. Bhokisi-chikamu simbi zviyero zvinowanzobva pa400 × 400 × 12 × 12 kusvika 800 × 800 × 20 × 20 kuvandudza chimiro che lateral kuramba uye kugadzikana kwese.
- Steel Trusses
Zvishandiso zvakajairika zvenhengo dzesimbi truss zvinosanganisira angle simbi, chiteshi simbi, I-matanda, uye simbi pombi. Angle simbi inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumatirasi esimbi nekuda kweakasiyana-siyana emuchinjika-chikamu maumbirwo uye nyore kubatana. Saizi dzakajairwa dzinobva pa ∠50×5 kusvika ∠125×10. Kune nhengo dziri pasi pemitoro yakakwira, chiteshi simbi kana I-matanda anoshandiswa. Channel simbi hukuru hunobva [14 kusvika [30, uye I-beam hukuru hunobva kuI16 kusvika kuI40.) Mumatare ematare akareba-akareba (anopfuura anopfuura 30m), mapaipi esimbi anowanzoshandiswa senhengo kuderedza maitiro ekufa uye kuvandudza seismic kushanda. Iyo dhayamita yepombi dzesimbi inowanzobva pa Φ89 × 4 kusvika Φ219 × 8, uye zvinhu zvinowanzoita Q345B kana Q235B.
- Steel Grid
Simbi grid nhengo dzakanyanya kuvakwa nemapombi esimbi, anowanzo gadzirwa Q235B uye Q345B. Saizi yepombi inotarwa neiyo grid span, saizi yegridi, uye mamiriro ekutakura. Kune zvigadziriso zvegridi zvine spans ye15-30m (senge madiki uye epakati nepakati akamirira horo nemacanopies), iyo yakajairika simbi pombi dhayamita ndeye Φ48×3.5 kusvika Φ114×4.5. Pazvipamhi zvinodarika 30m (zvakadai sematenga enhandare hombe uye matenga epanhandare yendege), dhayamita yepombi yesimbi inowedzera zvakafanira, kazhinji kusvika Φ114×4.5 kusvika Φ168×6. Grid majoini anowanzo bhoti kana welded bhora majoini. Iyo dhayamita yebhoti yebhoti yakasanganiswa inotarirwa nenhamba yenhengo uye simba rekutakura, rinowanzobva pa Φ100 kusvika Φ300.
Rondedzera Zvinodiwa Zvekuvaka uye Mashandisiro Emashandisirwo
Usati watenga chimiro chesimbi, unofanira kutanga wajekesa chinangwa chechivako, kureba, kureba, nhamba yeuriri, uye mamiriro ezvakatipoteredza (zvakadai sekudengenyeka kwenyika, kusimba kwemhepo, uye mutoro wechando). Mamiriro ekushandisa akasiyana anoda kushanda kwakasiyana kubva kune zvivakwa zvesimbi. Semuenzaniso, munzvimbo dzinowanzoita kudengenyeka kwenyika, simbi yesimbi kana simbi yemapuranga zvimiro zvine yakanaka seismic kuramba inofanira kusarudzwa. Kune nhandare huru-span, simbi dzesimbi kana simbi grids dzakanyanya kukodzera. Uyezve, iyo inotakura kutakura kwesimbi yesimbi inofanirwa kutariswa zvichienderana nemamiriro ekuremerwa kwechivako (senge mitoro yakafa uye mitoro mhenyu) kuve nechokwadi chekuti simbi yakasarudzwa inosangana nezvinodiwa zvekushandisa chivako.
Kuongorora Simbi Hunhu uye Kuita
Simbi ndiyo yepakati base zvinhu zvesimbi zvimiro, uye hunhu hwayo uye kuita kwayo zvinokanganisa kuchengetedzeka uye kusimba kwechimiro chesimbi. Paunenge uchitenga simbi, sarudza zvigadzirwa zvinogadzirwa nevagadziri vanoremekedzwa vane certified quality assurance. Teerera zvakanyanya kumhando yesimbi (yakadai seQ235B, Q345B, nezvimwewo), zvemichina (senge simba regoho, kusimba kwesimba, uye kurebesa), uye chimiro chemakemikari. Kuita kwemagiredhi akasiyana esimbi kunosiyana zvakanyanya. Q345B simbi ine simba rakakwirira kudarika Q235B uye inokodzera zvimiro zvinoda yakakwirira-yekutakura mutoro. Q235B simbi, kune rumwe rutivi, ine purasitiki iri nani uye kuomarara uye inokodzera zvivakwa zvine zvimwe zvinodiwa seismic. Uyezve, tarisa kutaridzika kwesimbi kuti udzivise kukanganisa kwakadai sekutsemuka, inclusions, uye bend.
Royal Steel Boka rinonyanya kugadzirwa uye zvinhu zvesimbi zvimiro.Isu tinopa zvivakwa zvesimbi kunyika dzakawanda nematunhu, kusanganisira Saudi Arabia, Canada, neGuatemala.Tinogamuchira kubvunza kubva kune vese vatengi vatsva uye varipo.
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