API pombiinoita basa rakakosha mukuvaka nekushanda kwemaindasitiri emagetsi akadai seoiri negasi. IAmerican Petroleum Institute (API) yakagadzira nhevedzano yezviyero zvakaomesesa zvinodzora chikamu chese cheAPI pombi, kubva pakugadzira kusvika pakushandisa, kuve nechokwadi chemhando uye kuchengetedzeka kwayo.

Murwi wepi API 5L simbi mapaipi akaiswa pamwe chete zvakanaka, aine chaiwo mamodheru emhando akaiswa pamapombi, anomiririra mhando yepamusoro uye kuvimbika.

API 5L PipeCertification Standards

API simbi pombi certification inovimbisa kuti vagadziri vanogara vachigadzira zvigadzirwa zvinoenderana neiyo API zvakatemwa. Kuti uwane iyo API monogram, makambani anofanirwa kuita akati wandei zvinodiwa. Chekutanga, ivo vanofanirwa kuve nemhando yekutarisira sisitimu yanga ichishanda zvakatsiga kweinenge mwedzi mina uye inoenderana zvizere neAPI Specification Q1. API Tsanangudzo Q1, seye indasitiri inotungamira yemhando yekutarisira chiyero, haingoite chete yakawanda ISO 9001 zvinodiwa asi zvakare inosanganisira zvakanangana zvimisikidzo zvinoenderana nezvakasarudzika zvinodiwa zveoiri negasi indasitiri. Chechipiri, makambani anofanirwa kutsanangura zvakajeka uye nemazvo hurongwa hwekutonga kwemhando mugwaro ravo remhando, rinofukidza zvese zvinodikanwa zveAPI Specification Q1. Uyezve, makambani anofanirwa kuve nehunyanzvi hwehunyanzvi hwekugona kuona kuti vanogona kugadzira zvigadzirwa zvinoenderana neanoshanda API chigadzirwa chakatemwa. Zvakare, makambani anofanirwa kugara achiitisa mukati uye manejimendi maodhisheni zvinoenderana neAPI Kurongeka Q1, uye kuchengetedza magwaro akadzama emaitiro ekuongorora uye mhedzisiro. Nezvekumisikidzwa kwechigadzirwa, vanyoreri vanofanirwa kuchengetedza inokwana kopi imwe chete yazvino vhezheni yechirungu yeAPI Q1 yakatarwa uye API chigadzirwa chakatemwa cherezenisi yavari kukumbira. Madiro echigadzirwa anofanirwa kuburitswa neAPI uye kuwanikwa kuburikidza neAPI kana ane mvumo mugovera. Kuturikira zvisina mvumo kwezvinyorwa zveAPI pasina mvumo yakanyorwa yeAPI kunotyora kodzero yekodzero.

Common Materials for API Steel Pipe

Zvinhu zvitatu zvakajairika zvinoshandiswa muAPI pombi ndeye A53, A106, uye X42 (yakajairika simbi giredhi muAPI 5L chiyero). Iwo anosiyana zvakanyanya mukuumbwa kwemakemikari, michina zvivakwa, uye mamiriro ekushandisa, sezvinoratidzwa patafura pazasi:

Material Type	Mitemo	Kemikari Inoumbwa Hunhu	Mechanical Properties (Makoshe chaiwo)	Main Application Areas
A53 Simbi Pipe	ASTM A53	Carbon steel yakakamurwa kuita magiredhi maviri, A uye B. Giredhi A ine kabhoni ye ≤0.25% uye manganese ye 0.30-0.60%; Grade B ine carbon content ye ≤0.30% uye manganese ye 0.60-1.05%. Haina alloying elements.	Kusimba Kwegoho: Giredhi A ≥250 MPa, Grade B ≥290 MPa; Kusimba Kwesimba: Giredhi A ≥415 MPa, Giredhi B ≥485 MPa	Kufambisa-kudzvinyirira kwemvura yekufambisa (yakadai semvura uye gasi) uye kutenderera kwepombi kwemaitiro, kwakakodzera nzvimbo dzisina kuora.
A106 Simbi Pipe	ASTM A106	High-temperature carbon steel yakakamurwa kuva mamakisi matatu, A, B, uye C. Iyo kabhoni yemukati inowedzera negiredhi (Grade A ≤0.27%, Grade C ≤0.35%). Iyo manganese yemukati ndeye 0.29-1.06%, uye sarufa uye phosphorus zvirimo zvinodzorwa zvakanyanya.	Kusimba Kwegoho: Giredhi A ≥240 MPa, Grade B ≥275 MPa, Grade C ≥310 MPa; Tensile Simba: Yese ≥415 MPa	Kupisa kwepamusoro-kupisa uye kwepamusoro-kumanikidzika kwepombi uye mapaipi ekunatsa mafuta, izvo zvinofanirwa kumira kutonhora kwakanyanya (kazhinji ≤ 425 ° C).
X42 (API 5L)	API 5L (Mutsetse Pipeline Steel Standard)	Low-alloy, high-simba simbi ine carbon content ye ≤0.26% uye ine zvinhu zvakadai semanganese nesilicon. Microalloying zvinhu zvakadai se niobium uye vanadium dzimwe nguva zvinowedzerwa kuwedzera simba uye kuoma.	Goho Simba ≥290 MPa; Tensile Simba 415-565 MPa; Impact Kuoma (-10°C) ≥40 J	Mapaipi emafuta akareba-refu uye gasi chaiwo, kunyanya ayo ekufambisa kwepamusoro-soro, kutakura kure-kure, anogona kumira nharaunda dzakaoma dzakadai sekushushikana kwevhu uye kuderera kwekushisa.

Kuwedzera Chiziviso:
A53 uye A106 ndeyeASTM standard system. Iyo yekutanga inotarisa pakushandiswa kwese pane tembiricha yekamuri, nepo iyo yekupedzisira ichisimbisa yakanyanya-tembiricha kuita.
X42, inova yeAPI 5L simbi pombistandard, yakagadzirirwa zvakananga kufambiswa kwemafuta uye gasi, ichisimbisa kudzika-tembiricha kuoma uye kuramba kuneta. Icho chinhu chakakosha kune mapaipi akareba-kure.

Kusarudzwa kunofanirwa kuve kwakavakirwa pakuongorora kwakadzama kwekumanikidza, tembiricha, corrosiveness yepakati, uye nharaunda yeprojekiti. Semuenzaniso, X42 inosarudzwa kune yakakwira-kudzvanywa mafuta uye gasi kutakura, nepo A106 inosarudzwa kune yakakwira-tembiricha chiutsi masisitimu.