Pombi yeAPIinoita basa rakakosha mukuvaka nekushanda kwemaindasitiri esimba akadai semafuta negesi. IAmerican Petroleum Institute (API) yakagadzira mitemo yakatevedzana inotonga zvese zviri muAPI pombi, kubva pakugadzirwa kusvika pakushandiswa, kuitira kuve nechokwadi chekuti ine mhando uye kuchengetedzeka.

Murwi wemapombi esimbi eAPI 5L akaiswa pamwe chete zvakanaka, nemifananidzo chaiyo yakanyorwa pamapombi, zvichiratidza mhando yepamusoro uye kuvimbika.

API 5L PombiMaitiro eChitupa

Chitupa cheAPI steel pipe chinoita kuti vagadziri vagare vachigadzira zvigadzirwa zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa zveAPI. Kuti vawane API monogram, makambani anofanira kusangana nezvinodiwa zvakawanda. Chekutanga, vanofanirwa kuve nesystem yekutarisira mhando yave ichishanda zvakanaka kwemwedzi mina uye ichitevedzera zvizere API Specification Q1. API Specification Q1, seyero inotungamira muindasitiri yekutarisira mhando, haingosanganisi chete zvinodiwa zveISO 9001 asiwo inosanganisira zvinhu zvakanangana nezvinodiwa zvakasiyana zveindasitiri yemafuta negesi. Chechipiri, makambani anofanira kutsanangura zvakajeka uye nemazvo system yavo yekutarisira mhando mubhuku ravo remhando, richifukidza zvese zvinodiwa zveAPI Specification Q1. Uyezve, makambani anofanira kuve nehunyanzvi hwehunyanzvi hunodiwa kuti ave nechokwadi chekuti anogona kugadzira zvigadzirwa zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa zveAPI product specifications. Uyezve, makambani anofanira kugara achiita ongororo dzemukati nedzemanejimendi zvichienderana neAPI Specification Q1, uye kuchengetedza magwaro akadzama emaitiro ekuongorora nemhedzisiro. Nezve specifications dzechigadzirwa, vanonyorera vanofanirwa kuchengetedza kopi imwe chete yeshanduro yazvino yepamutemo yeChirungu yeAPI Q1 specification uye specifications dzechigadzirwa cheAPI yerezinesi ravari kunyorera. Specifications dzechigadzirwa dzinofanira kuburitswa neAPI uye dzinowanikwa kuburikidza neAPI kana muparidzi ane mvumo. Kushandurwa kusina mvumo kwezvinyorwa zveAPI pasina mvumo yakanyorwa yeAPI kunoreva kutyora kodzero dzekopiraiti.

Zvinhu Zvakajairika zveAPI Steel Pipe

Zvinhu zvitatu zvinoshandiswa mu API pombi ndeizvi: A53, A106, uye X42 (giredhi resimbi rakajairika mu API 5L standard). Zvinosiyana zvakanyanya mukugadzirwa kwemakemikari, hunhu hwemakanika, uye mamiriro ekushandiswa, sezvakaratidzwa mutafura iri pazasi:

Rudzi rwezvinhu	Maitiro	Maitiro eKuumbwa kweMakemikari	Zvimiro zveMichina (Zvakajairika)	Nzvimbo Huru dzeKushandisa
A53 Simbi Pombi	ASTM A53	Simbi yekabhoni yakakamurwa kuita magiredhi maviri, A neB. Giredhi A ine huwandu hwekabhoni hwe ≤0.25% uye huwandu hwemanganese hwe 0.30-0.60%; Giredhi B ine huwandu hwekabhoni hwe ≤0.30% uye huwandu hwemanganese hwe 0.60-1.05%. Haina zvinhu zvinosanganisa alloying.	Simba reKubereka: Giredhi A ≥250 MPa, Giredhi B ≥290 MPa; Simba reKubata: Giredhi A ≥415 MPa, Giredhi B ≥485 MPa	Kutakurwa kwemvura ine simba shoma (senge mvura negasi) uye mapaipi ekuvaka akajairika, zvakakodzera nharaunda dzisingakanganisi.
A106 Simbi Pombi	ASTM A106	Simbi yekabhoni inopisa zvakanyanya yakakamurwa kuita magiredhi matatu, A, B, naC. Huremu hwekabhoni hunowedzera negiredhi (Giredhi A ≤0.27%, Giredhi C ≤0.35%). Huremu hwemanganese huri 0.29-1.06%, uye huwandu hwesarufa nephosphorus hunodzorwa zvakanyanya.	Simba reKubereka: Giredhi A ≥240 MPa, Giredhi B ≥275 MPa, Giredhi C ≥310 MPa; Simba reKubata: Zvese ≥415 MPa	Mapaipi emhepo inopisa zvakanyanya uye ine simba guru uye mapaipi ekuchenesa mafuta, ayo anofanira kutsungirira kupisa kwakanyanya (kazhinji ≤ 425°C).
X42 (API 5L)	API 5L (Simbi Yesimbi Yemapaipi Yemutsetse)	Simbi ine alloy shoma uye yakasimba ine kabhoni ye ≤0.26% uye ine zvinhu zvakaita se manganese ne silicon. Zvinhu zvine alloy shoma zvakaita se niobium ne vanadium dzimwe nguva zvinowedzerwa kuti zviwedzere kusimba uye kusimba.	Simba reKuburitsa ≥290 MPa; Simba reKubata 415-565 MPa; Kusimba kweKukanganisa (-10°C) ≥40 J	Mapaipi emafuta negesi echisikigo anofamba daro refu, kunyanya ayo ekufambisa ane simba guru, anogona kutsungirira mamiriro ezvinhu akaomarara akadai sekumanikidzwa kwevhu uye tembiricha yakaderera.

Mamwe Mashoko:
A53 neA106 ndezveASTM standard system. Yekutanga inotarisa pakushandiswa kwakajairika patembiricha yemumba, nepo yekupedzisira ichisimbisa mashandiro ekupisa kwakanyanya.
X42, iyo iri yeAPI 5L simbi pombistandard, yakagadzirirwa zvakananga kutakurwa kwemafuta negasi, ichisimbisa kusimba kwekupisa kwakaderera uye kuramba kuneta. Ndiyo chinhu chakakosha chemapaipi ekufamba kure.

Kusarudzwa kunofanirwa kubva pakuongorora kwakazara kwekumanikidzwa, tembiricha, ngura iri pakati nepakati, uye mamiriro epurojekiti. Semuenzaniso, X42 inofarirwa kutakurwa kwemafuta negesi zvine simba guru, ukuwo A106 inofarirwa kune masisitimu emhepo ane simba guru.