Pipe yeSimbi Isina Musono Yemhando Yepamusoro yeASTM Inodzivirira Kupisa 431 631 Mugadziri uye Mutengesi weSimbi Isina Musono

Pipe yeSimbi Isina Musono yeASTM Yemhando Yepamusoro Inodzivirira Kupisa 431 631 Tube yeSimbi Isina Musono

Tsananguro pfupi:

Mapaipi esimbi isina ngura akagadzirwa nesimbi isina ngura ine chromium ≥10.5% (yakadai semagiredhi makuru 304 ne316L). Ane simba guru (simba rekudhonza ≥515MPa), anodzivirira ngura zvakanyanya (firimu repasi rinodzivisa ngura yeasidhi/munyu) uye akachengeteka (kupedzisa ngura yepamusoro pechikafu Ra≤0.8μm). Akagadzirwa kuburikidza nemaitiro epombi inotonhorera inotonhora kana yekuwedzera frequency uye anoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumapaipi emakemikari (asidi 316L), zvivakwa zvekuvaka (304 curtain wall keels), midziyo yekurapa (precision sterile pipes) uye midziyo yesimba (LNG ultra-low temperature transmission pipes). Ndiwo midziyo mikuru mumunda wekugadzira zvinhu zvepamusoro.

Kuongorora:SGS, TUV, BV, Kuongorora Kwefekitori

Mutsetse:AISI,ASTM,DIN,JIS,BS,NB

Nhamba yeModhero:309 ,310,310S,316,347,431,631, nezvimwewo.

Basa rekugadzirisa:Kukombama, Kuwedera, Kushongedza, Kuboora, Kucheka, Kuumba

Chimiro cheChikamu:Rakatenderera / Sikweya / Rectangular

Kupedzisa Kwepamusoro:BA/2B/NO.1/NO.3/NO.4/8K/HL/2D/1D

Nguva Yokutumira:Mazuva 3-15 (zvichienderana nehuwandu hwematani chaiwo)

Ruzivo rweChiteshi:Chiteshi cheTianjin, Chiteshi cheShanghai, Chiteshi cheQingdao, nezvimwewo.

Tumira email kwatiri WhatsApp Email

Ruzivo rweChigadzirwa

Matagi eChigadzirwa

Ruzivo rweChigadzirwa

Zita rechigadzirwa	Simbi isina ngura Pombi yakatenderera
Zvakajairika	ASTM AISI DIN, EN, GB, JIS
Giredhi reSimbi	200 Nhevedzano: 201,202
	300 Series: 301,304,304L,316,316L,316Ti,317L,321,309s,310s
	400 Series: 409L,410,410s,420j1,420j2,430,444,441,436
	Simbi yeDuplex: 904L, 2205, 2507, 2101, 2520, 2304
Dhayamita yekunze	6-2500mm (sezvinodiwa)
Ukobvu	0.3mm-150mm (sezvinodiwa)
Kureba	2000mm/2500mm/3000mm/6000mm/12000mm (sezvinodiwa)
Maitiro ekugadzira	Musono
Pamusoro	Nhamba 1 2B BA 6K 8K Mirror Nhamba 4 HL
Kushivirira	±1%
Mitemo yeMutengo	FOB,CFR,CIF

Kushandiswa Kukuru

Mapaipi esimbi isina ngura anoshandiswa zvakanyanya munzvimbo ina huru nekuda kwekusagadzikana kwengura, simba rayo guru uye hunhu hwayo hwehutsanana:

Nzvimbo dzakaoma dzemaindasitiri - mapaipi emakemikari (mapaipi anodzivirira acid ye316L), michina yemagetsi (mapaipi ekutumira magetsi eLNG anopisa zvakanyanya, mapaipi emagetsi eSuper304H ane kumanikidzwa kwakanyanya);

Zvivakwa zvekuvaka uye mararamiro evanhu - zvivakwa zvekuvaka (304 keel wall keel wind pressure resistance ≥ 2.5kPa), mapaipi ekuchenesa mvura emumba yese, mapaipi asina tsvina emuchina wekudya;

Kugadzira zvinhu zvepamusoro-soro - mapaipi eBA akachena zvakanyanya e semiconductor (oxygen content ≤ 10ppm), mapaipi ekurapa endoscope akarurama (kunyatsorurama ± 0.05mm);

Minda iri kubuda - machubhu matsva ebhatiri remotokari ine simba (430 ferrite ine simba guru), mapombi esimbi inodzvinyirirwa nehydrogen inochengetwa uye inofambiswa neduplex (2507 hydrogen embrittlement resistance).
Kushanda kwayo kunosanganisira mamiriro ekushanda akanyanya kubva pa -196℃ kusvika 900℃, zvichiva "tsinga dzeropa dzemuindasitiri" dzinotsigira hurongwa hwemazuva ano hweindasitiri. (Data source: ISSF 2025 industry report).

Cherechedza:
1. Kutora sampuro dzemahara, 100% vimbiso yemhando yepamusoro mushure mekutengesa, Tsigira chero nzira yekubhadhara;
2. Zvimwe zvese zvinodiwa zvemapaipi esimbi yekabhoni zvakatenderera zviripo zvichienderana nezvaunoda (OEM & ODM)! Mutengo wefekitori wauchawana kubva kuROYAL GROUP.

Stainless Steel Pipe Chemical Compositions

Kuumbwa kweMakemikari %
Giredhi	C	Si	Mn	P	S	Ni	Cr	Mo
201	≤0 .15	≤0 .75	5. 5-7. 5	≤0.06	≤ 0.03	3.5 -5.5	16 .0 -18.0	-
202	≤0 .15	≤l.0	7.5-10.0	≤0.06	≤ 0.03	4.0-6.0	17.0-19.0	-
301	≤0 .15	≤l.0	≤2.0	≤0.045	≤ 0.03	6.0-8.0	16.0-18.0	-
302	≤0 .15	≤1.0	≤2.0	≤0.035	≤ 0.03	8.0-10.0	17.0-19.0	-
304	≤0 .0.08	≤1.0	≤2.0	≤0.045	≤ 0.03	8.0-10.5	18.0-20.0	-
304L	≤0.03	≤1.0	≤2.0	≤0.035	≤ 0.03	9.0-13.0	18.0-20.0	-
309S	≤0.08	≤1.0	≤2.0	≤0.045	≤ 0.03	12.0-15.0	22.0-24.0	-
310S	≤0.08	≤1.5	≤2.0	≤0.035	≤ 0.03	19.0-22.0	24.0-26.0
316	≤0.08	≤1.0	≤2.0	≤0.045	≤ 0.03	10.0-14.0	16.0-18.0	2.0-3.0
316L	≤0 .03	≤1.0	≤2.0	≤0.045	≤ 0.03	12.0 - 15.0	16 .0 -1 8.0	2.0 -3.0
321	≤ 0 .08	≤1.0	≤2.0	≤0.035	≤ 0.03	9.0 - 13.0	17.0 -1 9.0	-
630	≤ 0 .07	≤1.0	≤1.0	≤0.035	≤ 0.03	3.0-5.0	15.5-17.5	-
631	≤0.09	≤1.0	≤1.0	≤0.030	≤0.035	6.50-7.75	16.0-18.0	-
904L	≤ 2 .0	≤0.045	≤1.0	≤0.035	-	23.0·28.0	19.0-23.0	4.0-5.0
2205	≤0.03	≤1.0	≤2.0	≤0.030	≤0.02	4.5-6.5	22.0-23.0	3.0-3.5
2507	≤0.03	≤0.8	≤1.2	≤0.035	≤0.02	6.0-8.0	24.0-26.0	3.0-5.0
2520	≤0.08	≤1.5	≤2.0	≤0.045	≤ 0.03	0.19 -0. 22	0. 24 -0 . 26	-
410	≤0.15	≤1.0	≤1.0	≤0.035	≤ 0.03	-	11.5-13.5	-
430	≤0.1 2	≤0.75	≤1.0	≤ 0.040	≤ 0.03	≤0.60	16.0 -18.0

S Isina ChinovharaPipe yesimbi Schimiro Finish

Kuburikidza nenzira dzakasiyana dzekugadzirisa kutenderedza nekugadzirazve pamusoro mushure mekutenderedza, kupedzwa kwepamusoro pemapaipi esimbi isina ngura kunogona kuva nemhando dzakasiyana.

Kugadziriswa kwepombi yesimbi isina ngura kune nhamba 1, 2B, Nhamba 4, HL, Nhamba 6, Nhamba 8, BA, TR hard, Yakamonerwa zvakare yakajeka 2H, kupukuta yakajeka uye mamwe mapedhi epamusoro, nezvimwewo.

Nhamba 1: Nzvimbo nhamba 1 inoreva nzvimbo inowanikwa nekupisa uye kusvina mushure mekuputira pombi yesimbi isina ngura. Ndeyekubvisa chiyero che oxide nhema chinogadzirwa panguva yekuputira nekupisa nekupisa nekupisa nekupisa kana nzira dzakafanana dzekurapa. Iyi ndiyo nzvimbo yekutanga yekugadzirisa nzvimbo. Nzvimbo nhamba 1 ichena uye ine matte. Inonyanya kushandiswa mumaindasitiri anodzivirira kupisa uye anodzivirira ngura asingade kupenya kwepamusoro, senge maindasitiri edoro, maindasitiri emakemikari nemakontena makuru.

2B: Pamusoro pe2B pakasiyana nepamusoro pe2D nekuti pakapfava neroller yakatsetseka, saka kanopenya kupfuura pamusoro pe2D. Kukosha kwepamusoro kweRa kunoyerwa nechinhu ichi i0.1 ～ 0.5μm, inova ndiyo mhando inonyanya kushandiswa pakugadzira. Rudzi urwu rwesimbi isina ngura ndiyo inonyanya kushandiswa, yakakodzera mabasa ese, iyo inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumaindasitiri emakemikari, mapepa, peturu, zvekurapa nedzimwe nzvimbo, uye inogona kushandiswawo semadziro emadziro echivako.

TR Hard Finish: TR stainless steel inonziwo hard steel. Magiredhi ayo esimbi anomiririra 304 ne301, anoshandiswa pakugadzira zvinhu zvinoda simba rakawanda uye kuomarara, zvakaita semota dzechitima, ma conveyor belt, maspring nemagasket. Nheyo ndeyekushandisa austenitic stainless steel inosimbisa simba rayo kuti iwedzere simba rayo uye kuomarara kweplate yesimbi nenzira dzinotonhora dzekushanda dzakadai sekumonerera. Chinhu chakaoma chinoshandisa zvishoma kusvika makumi ezana ekumonerera zvishoma kuti chitsive kutsetseka kudiki kwenzvimbo ye2B base, uye hapana annealing inoitwa mushure mekumonerera. Saka, nzvimbo yakaoma yeTR yezvinhu zvakaoma ndiyo nzvimbo inomonerera mushure mekumonerera inotonhora.

Yakapetwazve Yakajeka 2H: Mushure mekupetwa, pombi yesimbi isingatsvi ichagadziriswa yakapinza. Pombi inogona kutonhodzwa nekukurumidza netambo inopinza inoenderera mberi. Kumhanya kwepombi yesimbi isingatsvi iri patambo kunosvika 60m ~ 80m/min. Mushure medanho iri, kupedzisa kwepamusoro kuchave kwakapetwazve 2H.

Nhamba 4: Pamusoro penhamba 4 pane kupenya kwakanaka kwepamusoro kwakapenya kupfuura pamusoro penhamba 3. Kunowanikwawo nekupukuta pombi yesimbi isina ngura ine simbi isina ngura ine 2 D kana 2 B sehwaro uye kupukuta nebhandi rine saizi ye150-180# Nzvimbo yakagadzirwa nemashini. Kukosha kwepamusoro kweRa kunoyerwa nemudziyo uyu i0.2 ～1.5μm. Pamusoro penhamba 4 panoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumidziyo yeresitorendi neyekicheni, michina yekurapa, kushongedza zvivakwa, makontena, nezvimwewo.

HL: HL pamusoro pebvudzi inowanzonzi hairline finish. JIS standard yeJapan inoti 150-240# abrasive belt inoshandiswa kupukuta vhudzi rinogara rakaita sehairline finish rakatorwa. Muchiyero cheGB3280 cheChina, mitemo yacho haina kunyatsojeka. HL surface finish inonyanya kushandiswa pakushongedza chivako zvakaita semaelevator, escalators, uye facades.

Nhamba 6: Pamusoro penhamba 6 pakavakirwa pamusoro penhamba 4 uye panowedzera kukweshwa nebhurashi reTampico kana zvinhu zvinokwesha zvine saizi yeW63 yakatarwa neGB2477 standard. Pamusoro apa pane kupenya kwakanaka kwesimbi uye kushanda kwakapfava. Kupenya kwacho hakuna kusimba uye hakuratidzi mufananidzo. Nekuda kwehunhu hwakanaka uhwu, hwakakodzera kugadzira madziro emaketeni ekuvaka uye kushongedza miganhu yezvivakwa, uye hunoshandiswawo zvakanyanya semidziyo yekicheni.

BA: BA inzvimbo inowanikwa nekupisa kwakajeka mushure mekumoneredzwa nechando. Kupisa kwakajeka kunonamirwa pasi pemhepo inodzivirira inovimbisa kuti pamusoro hapachina oxidized kuchengetedza kupenya kwenzvimbo inomoneredzwa nechando, uye wobva washandisa roll yekunyorovesa yakanyatsonaka kuti chiedza chienzane nekuvandudza kupenya kwenzvimbo. Nzvimbo iyi iri pedyo nekupenya kwegirazi, uye kuomarara kwenzvimbo Ra inoyerwa nechishandiso ichi i0.05-0.1μm. Nzvimbo yeBA ine mashandisirwo akasiyana-siyana uye inogona kushandiswa semidziyo yekicheni, midziyo yemumba, midziyo yekurapa, zvikamu zvemota uye zvekushongedza.

Nhamba 8: Nhamba 8 inzvimbo yakagadzirwa negirazi ine kupenya kwakanyanya isina zviyo zvinogumbura. Indasitiri yekugadzira zvinhu zvesimbi isina ngura inodaidzawo kuti mapurati e8K. Kazhinji, zvinhu zveBA zvinoshandiswa sezvinhu zvekugadzira magirazi kuburikidza nekukuya nekupukuta chete. Mushure mekupedza magirazi, nzvimbo yacho ine hunyanzvi, saka inonyanya kushandiswa mukushongedza masuo ekuvaka uye kushongedza mukati meimba.

Maitiro ePkugadzirwa

Maitiro makuru ekugadzira: simbi yakatenderera → kuongorora zvakare → kubvisa → kubvisa jira → kuisa pakati → kupisa → kuboora → kusvina → musoro wakatsetseka → kuongorora nekukuya → kutenderedza kunotonhora (kudhirowa kunotonhora) → kubvisa mafuta → kurapwa nekupisa → kutwasanudza → kucheka pombi (yakagadzika kusvika pakureba) ) → kusvina/kupfuura → kuongorora chigadzirwa kwapera (eddy current, ultrasonic, kumanikidzwa kwemvura) → kurongedza nekuchengetedza.

1. Kucheka simbi yakatenderera: Mushure mekugamuchira simbi yakatenderera kubva mudura rezvinhu zvakagadziriswa, verenga hurefu hwekucheka kwesimbi yakatenderera zvichienderana nezvinodiwa nemaitiro acho, uye dhirowa mutsetse pasimbi yakatenderera. Simbi dzakarongwa zvichienderana nemazinga esimbi, nhamba dzekupisa, nhamba dzebatch yekugadzira uye zvirevo, uye magumo acho anosiyaniswa nependi yemavara akasiyana.

2. Kuisa pakati: Paunenge uchiisa pakati pemuchina wekuboorera neruoko, tanga wawana nzvimbo iri pakati pesimbi yakatenderera, woboora gomba remuenzaniso, wobva wariisa wakatwasuka patafura yemuchina wekuboorera kuti riiswe pakati. Matavi akatenderera mushure mekuisa pakati anorongwa zvichienderana negiredhi resimbi, nhamba yekupisa, zvirevo uye nhamba yebatch yekugadzira.

3. Kubvisa: kubvisa kunoitwa mushure mekupasa bvunzo yezvinhu zviri kuuya. Kubvisa kunosanganisira kubvisa lathe uye kucheka nemhepo inovhuvhuta. Kubvisa lathe kunoitwa palathe nenzira yekugadzirisa clamp imwe chete nepamusoro imwe, uye kucheka nemhepo inovhuvhuta ndekwekuturika simbi yakatenderera pachishandiso chemuchina. Ita kutenderera.

4. Kuongorora pamusoro: Kuongororwa kwemhando yesimbi yakatenderera yakabviswa kunoitwa, uye zvikanganiso zviripo pamusoro zvinoratidzwa, uye vashandi vekukuya vanozozvikuya kusvika zvanyatsokodzera. Matanda akatenderera akapasa kuongororwa anounganidzwa zvakasiyana zvichienderana negiredhi resimbi, nhamba yekupisa, zvirevo uye nhamba yebatch yekugadzira.

5. Kudziisa simbi yakatenderera: Midziyo yekudziisa simbi yakatenderera inosanganisira chitofu chemoto chinopfuta gasi uye chitofu chebhokisi chine gasi. Chitofu chemoyo chinopfuta gasi chinoshandiswa kudziisa muzvikamu zvakakura, uye chitofu chebhokisi chine gasi chinoshandiswa kudziisa muzvikamu zvidiki. Pakupinda muchoto, zvidimbu zvesimbi zvakasiyana, nhamba dzekupisa uye zvirevo zvinoparadzaniswa nefirimu rekunze rekare. Kana zvidimbu zvesimbi zvakatenderera zvichidziiswa, maturners anoshandisa maturusi akakosha kutenderedza zvidimbu kuti ave nechokwadi chekuti zvidimbu zvesimbi zvakatenderera zvinodziiswa zvakaenzana.

6. Kuboora kunopisa: shandisa chitokisi chekuboora necompressor yemhepo. Zvichienderana nezvinodiwa nesimbi yakatenderera yakaboora, mapurati ekutungamira anoenderana nemapulagi emolybdenum anosarudzwa, uye simbi yakatenderera inodziya inoboora nepekubhoora, uye mapaipi emarara akaboora anoiswa mudziva zvisina tsarukano kuti atonhore zvizere.

7. Kuongorora nekukuya: Tarisa kuti mukati nekunze kwepombi yemarara zvakatsetseka uye zvakapfava, uye panofanira kunge pasina ganda remaruva, mitswe, nzvimbo dzakaita sedzakasanganiswa, makomba akadzika, mavara akakomba eshinda, simbi yetower, fritters, Baotou nemisoro yesickle. Zvikanganiso pamusoro pepombi yemarara zvinogona kubviswa nenzira yekukuya yemuno. Mapaipi emarara akapasa kuongororwa kana ayo akapasa kuongororwa mushure mekugadzirisa nekukuya ane zvikanganiso zvidiki anofanira kuunganidzwa nevashandi vemaworkshop zvichienderana nezvinodiwa, uye kurongwa zvichienderana negiredhi resimbi, nhamba yefurnace, tsanangudzo uye nhamba yebatch yekugadzira pombi yemarara.

8. Kutwasanudza: Mapaipi etsvina anopinda muworkshop yekuboora akafukidzwa muzvikamu. Chimiro chepombi yetsvina inopinda chakakombama uye chinoda kutwasanudza. Midziyo yekutwasanudza imuchina wekutwasanudza wakamira, muchina wekutwasanudza wakatwasuka uye muchina wekutwasanudza wakamira (unoshandiswa pakutwasanudza kana pombi yesimbi ine curvature yakakura). Kuti pasave nekusvetuka kwepombi yesimbi panguva yekutwasanudza, chishongo chenylon chinoshandiswa kudzikamisa pombi yesimbi.

9. Kucheka mapaipi: Zvichienderana nehurongwa hwekugadzira, pombi yemarara yakatwasuka inofanira kuchekwa musoro nemuswe, uye michina inoshandiswa muchina wekucheka mavhiri ekukuya.

10. Kuunganidza: Pombi yesimbi yakatwasuka inofanira kusanganiswa kuti ibvise oxide scale uye tsvina pamusoro pepombi yetsvina. Pombi yesimbi inosanganiswa mu workshop yekusanganisa, uye pombi yesimbi inosimudzwa zvishoma nezvishoma mutangi rekusanganisa kuti isanganiswa nekushandisa dhiraivha.

11. Kukuya, kuongorora endoscopy uye kupukuta kwemukati: mapaipi esimbi akakodzera kusvinwa anopinda mukuita kwekukuya kwekunze, mapaipi esimbi akaposhwa anoongororwa ne endoscopic, uye zvigadzirwa kana maitiro asina kukodzera ane zvinodiwa zvakakosha anofanira kupukutwa mukati.

12. Maitiro ekudhonza anotonhora/maitiro ekudhirowa anotonhora

Kutenderedza nechando: Pombi yesimbi inotenderedzwa nemarongero emuchina unotenderedza nechando, uye saizi nehurefu hwepombi yesimbi zvinochinjwa nekuchinja-chinja kwechando nguva dzose.

Kudhirowa kunotonhora: Pombi yesimbi inopfuta uye inoderedzwa madziro nemuchina wekudhirowa unotonhora pasina kupisa kuti uchinje saizi nehurefu hwepombi yesimbi. Pombi yesimbi inodhonzwa inotonhora ine kurongeka kwakanyanya uye kupedzisa kwakanaka pamusoro. Dambudziko nderekuti kushushikana kwasara kwakakura, uye mapaipi anodhonzwa anotonhora ane dhayamita hombe anowanzo shandiswa, uye kumhanya kwekugadzira chigadzirwa chapera kunononoka. Maitiro chaiwo ekudhirowa kunotonhora anosanganisira:

① Musoro wekunamira wemusoro: Usati wadhirowa nechando, mugumo mumwe wepombi yesimbi unofanirwa kutungamirwa (pombi yesimbi diki ine dhayamita) kana musoro wekunamira wesimbi (pombi yesimbi ine dhayamita guru) kugadzirira maitiro ekunamira, uye huwandu hushoma hwepombi yesimbi inofanirwa kupiswa yozotungamirwa.

② Kuzora mafuta nekubika: Pamberi pekudhonza pombi yesimbi mushure memusoro (musoro wekunamira), gomba remukati nepamusoro pepombi yesimbi zvinofanira kunatswa mafuta, uye pombi yesimbi yakaputirwa mafuta inofanira kuomeswa isati yadhonza mafuta.

③ Kudhirowa kwemvura inotonhora: Pombi yesimbi mushure mekunge mafuta aomeswa inopinda mukuita kwekudhirowa kwemvura inotonhora, uye michina inoshandiswa pakudhirowa kwemvura inotonhora imuchina wekudhirowa wecheni inotonhora uye muchina wekudhirowa wehydraulic inotonhora.

13. Kubvisa mafuta: Chinangwa chekubvisa mafuta anomonereka akabatana nemadziro emukati nekunze kwepombi yesimbi mushure mekumonereka nekusukurudza, kuitira kudzivirira kusvibisa pamusoro pesimbi panguva yekunamira uye kudzivirira kuwedzera kwekabhoni.

14. Kurapa kupisa: Kurapa kupisa kunodzoreredza chimiro chechinhu kuburikidza nekushandiswazve kwecrystallization uye kunoderedza kuramba kwesimbi kubva pakukanganisika. Midziyo yekurapa kupisa ifuro rekurapa kupisa rinoshandisa gasi rechisikigo.

15. Kuunganidza zvigadzirwa zvakapedzwa: Mapaipi esimbi mushure mekucheka anogadziriswa kuti apedzwe pamusoro pemvura, kuitira kuti firimu rinodzivirira oxide rigone kuumbwa pamusoro pemapaipi esimbi uye kuwedzera kushanda kwakanaka kwemapaipi esimbi.

16. Kuongororwa kwechigadzirwa chapera: Maitiro makuru ekuongorora chigadzirwa chapera uye kuyedzwa ndeyekutarisa mita → eddy probe → super probe → water pressure → air pressure. Kuongorora pamusoro pechinhu kunonyanya kuve kwekutarisa nemaoko kana paine zvikanganiso pamusoro pepombi yesimbi, kana kureba kwepombi yesimbi nehukuru hwemadziro ekunze zvakakodzera; eddy detection inonyanya kushandisa eddy current flaw detector kutarisa kana paine maburi mupombi yesimbi; super-detection inonyanya kushandisa ultrasonic flaw detector kutarisa kana pombi yesimbi yakatsemuka mukati kana kunze; mvura , Air pressure ndeyekushandisa hydraulic muchina uye air pressure muchina kuona kana pombi yesimbi ichidonhedza mvura kana mhepo, kuitira kuve nechokwadi chekuti pombi yesimbi iri mumamiriro akanaka.

17. Kurongedza nekuchengetedza: Mapaipi esimbi akapasa bvunzo anopinda munzvimbo yekurongedza chigadzirwa chapera kurongedza. Zvinhu zvinoshandiswa pakurongedza zvinosanganisira maburi ekuvhara, mapurasitiki, jira redehwe renyoka, mabhodhi emapuranga, mabhandi esimbi isina ngura, nezvimwewo. Nzvimbo yekunze yemativi ese epombi yesimbi yakaputirwa yakafukidzwa nemapuranga madiki emapuranga, uye nzvimbo yekunze yakasungirirwa nemabhandi esimbi isina ngura kudzivirira kusangana pakati pemapaipi esimbi panguva yekufambisa uye kukonzera kubonderana. Mapaipi esimbi akaputirwa anopinda munzvimbo yekurongedza chigadzirwa chapera.